Mian Muhammad Saeed Shad Vs Government of Punjab

P L D 1981 F SC 139

Present ; Justice (Retd.) Salahuddin Ahmed, Chairman, Justices Agha Ali Hyder, A/tab Hussain and Karimullah Durrani, Members Shariat Petition No. 22/1 of 1980 BHAI KHAN AND 4 OTHERS-Petitioners versus FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF PAKlSTAN AND OTHERS-Respondents Shariat Petition No. 24/1 of 1980 Mian MUHAMMAD SAEED SHAD-Petitioner versus GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB-Respondent Shariat Petitions Nos. 22/1 and 24/1 of 1§80, decided on 17th January, Coloolatloa of Gonromeot L1nds (Ponjab) Act (V of 1912}- -- S. 32 read with Constitution of Pakistan (1973), Art. 203-D­ Resumption of allotted fallow State land-Repugnance to injunctions of Islam-Condition precedent to render a particular parcel of land as ot.,.. IJ°JI : Land be not vesting in ownership of any other person­ Contention that whosoever brings barren land under cultivation becomes its owner-Not correct-Islamic State capable of owning land •and entitled to manage same directly or to allot same to a citizen or class of citizens for cultivation-Even free grant of land by State liable to be resumed in event of violation of terms of grant or neglect of grantee to bring same under cultivation-Act V of 1912 governing land vesting in State, and lands covered by S. 32 of such Act being not ownerless or c.1..,.. u-;I, Act V of 1912 including S. 32 thereof, held, not repugnant to injunctions of Islam. [pp. 141 to 144].4-C � (.�; Ai-Sayed Sabiq on �I u, pp. 171-172; Qazi Abif Yousaf on �1_,,..JI y\:S'; Dr. Muhammad Nijat Ullah Siddiqui on �1,�J yl::) published by o:- If •G t_l� "i� .., Problem No. 404, p. 318; •JLl:J..JI rt;:°• °YI �1.;JI .:,:-,JI i)I .w... J� ul •.i.:.,&..,, p. 231 ; 1t£aulana Abu/ Ala Maududl -• n • � • • on Pamphlet i:,..-J .:;..�1 .. .U:.... � �I of .c:.-1.u ,·,1 ':J fn11hlich.,,:1

Yor, )O(XII resr r*,txl),J.f,?,H,lif3#Hru;1,'j**- FS c l4r Nemo lor the Parties' traditions appear in almost every compilation in & & and ate to 1981' thc afiect that.whosoevet orrnts to life dead land it is for him' One out of Dale of heariDg : 17th JanuarY, $:

tbcse Ahaoitn (ai,ri , ju- I rjbll) r! I r:t"ruPrll rttrl 6'

JUDCMBNT

I

5.The condition precedent to render a particular parcel of land asl "rrj.rriiJ riir:rr' ii""r'j,"- uj ii"iii"ii ini-'"i"*'ni'p "t 't' anv otherl''

nl-**rr+"qitrl,:rffi-:*,I*'+a*H'#'tr'ffi tbeir Departments ol person, Petition :- datcd 7'2-1968' ; r& itir ,* il nt l 0."

Notificatioo No' 6815-67/9'CLL r"t' 0l ' 3368-67/98'CLI' dated ?'2'1968' : ily'l+r ot ,e t q.,tla''tl a *

'P '9';L

Lll rrJl ljl tl " " zzts'lgtlsf/g-ctl' dated 5.9'1979' .&it .Jl dl1ll ,e b hl ctitli ,-/11!l 6' 'c ',:, a$-soia.n'cu' dated t1'2-le8o' :, tr,.rl tr.l .zilr rI .r.r 'lt d'r') *f 't"Jl 4a 6rl "iai,.J I Pl-1 {P 'll ,lr rJr'rll rJ;+ li' lr (.r nru o.fl ,-r1: I rJ I r:6 EJI qll 0') 'l r;*m*:rrsi**m*.g***;ffi (^r-,1 ,^rl by Al-Sayed Sabiq' pp' l7l-172) Rentlerecl into English it would read :- anrt of the owner has no knowledge' Wt o U.iog, to life land of another

t 'I 317ll4c 61 u'c was tbat if any one tn" oroo* of vtLitt irl rt aud li',"n:g***.1'"'.'f ',il::',"#.:6"::"#j1,:,ry"F"'#{?ii ffi,**5i:f:l-,ffi 4$.;;,'-l#ft*.qffrJl#l ffi to life the uncultivated heuoon him) io this matte; is "whoever-bring land- he becomes owner th;r;;f U"i-iU" t""ui ot the zatam (y'U) does not acquire any right therein" :-here the word .(p'|O;)

zalam ;;;iJ;';*a ior a ferson who oc-cupies land belonging to another' : if a -person has

6.Qazi Abu Yousat in, ,his 6fill vLf states .

n':;r*l,g-;',:,*}tffi;lflffi:rl;l:'',"iffi ::f :;'"r:H""tr1'il{xg,'li:lli;11;Il';:l*J!:"lJ"T"eT';: :,fsil#t;r? ;r-. ui';"fl f ,lir *rl": :i jlq:' *:[r'[ Prww,ii.Ii^',i".".

oersons who brings under ct'rltrYalruustb. before Court ffiftl**kT.i+5f'r,r*n#u,'',i*:*iffi+ui'i*Jl* *:"*:, il-r*:*mttl#t'#x:i"$#ll'ft"":;f'f,"'ji#1Ilfr " rc."^ rtitions ate labouring under misconception- li^r .r t;rr",i {1l .iltlf, cn+.*" rr c,lyl 4. d,G"l ,5

Yor, )O(XII resr r*,txl),J.f,?,H,lif3#Hru;1,'j**- FS c l4r Nemo lor the Parties' traditions appear in almost every compilation in & & and ate to 1981' thc afiect that.whosoevet orrnts to life dead land it is for him' One out of Dale of heariDg : 17th JanuarY, $:

tbcse Ahaoitn (ai,ri , ju- I rjbll) r! I r:t"ruPrll rttrl 6'

JUDCMBNT

I

5.The condition precedent to render a particular parcel of land asl "rrj.rriiJ riir:rr' ii""r'j,"- uj ii"iii"ii ini-'"i"*'ni'p "t 't' anv otherl''

nl-**rr+"qitrl,:rffi-:*,I*'+a*H'#'tr'ffi tbeir Departments ol person, Petition :- datcd 7'2-1968' ; r& itir ,* il nt l 0."

Notificatioo No' 6815-67/9'CLL r"t' 0l ' 3368-67/98'CLI' dated ?'2'1968' : ily'l+r ot ,e t q.,tla''tl a *

'P '9';L

Lll rrJl ljl tl " " zzts'lgtlsf/g-ctl' dated 5.9'1979' .&it .Jl dl1ll ,e b hl ctitli ,-/11!l 6' 'c ',:, a$-soia.n'cu' dated t1'2-le8o' :, tr,.rl tr.l .zilr rI .r.r 'lt d'r') *f 't"Jl 4a 6rl "iai,.J I Pl-1 {P 'll ,lr rJr'rll rJ;+ li' lr (.r nru o.fl ,-r1: I rJ I r:6 EJI qll 0') 'l r;*m*:rrsi**m*.g***;ffi (^r-,1 ,^rl by Al-Sayed Sabiq' pp' l7l-172) Rentlerecl into English it would read :- anrt of the owner has no knowledge' Wt o U.iog, to life land of another

t 'I 317ll4c 61 u'c was tbat if any one tn" oroo* of vtLitt irl rt aud li',"n:g***.1'"'.'f ',il::',"#.:6"::"#j1,:,ry"F"'#{?ii ffi,**5i:f:l-,ffi 4$.;;,'-l#ft*.qffrJl#l ffi to life the uncultivated heuoon him) io this matte; is "whoever-bring land- he becomes owner th;r;;f U"i-iU" t""ui ot the zatam (y'U) does not acquire any right therein" :-here the word .(p'|O;)

zalam ;;;iJ;';*a ior a ferson who oc-cupies land belonging to another' : if a -person has

6.Qazi Abu Yousat in, ,his 6fill vLf states .

n':;r*l,g-;',:,*}tffi;lflffi:rl;l:'',"iffi ::f :;'"r:H""tr1'il{xg,'li:lli;11;Il';:l*J!:"lJ"T"eT';: :,fsil#t;r? ;r-. ui';"fl f ,lir *rl": :i jlq:' *:[r'[ Prww,ii.Ii^',i".".

oersons who brings under ct'rltrYalruustb. before Court ffiftl**kT.i+5f'r,r*n#u,'',i*:*iffi+ui'i*Jl* *:"*:, il-r*:*mttl#t'#x:i"$#ll'ft"":;f'f,"'ji#1Ilfr " rc."^ rtitions ate labouring under misconception- li^r .r t;rr",i {1l .iltlf, cn+.*" rr c,lyl 4. d,G"l ,5

142 F SC ALL PAKISTAN LEGAL DECISIONS Vol. XXXlU

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(231 � &-1_;)1 �-"'H i:,t � � utl �.. 1.JUaWI r�'ll) In English :

Imam A.broad said as per narration of Al-Maroozi in respect of fallow land which is not owned by any person that if land becomes in the ownership of the person (by cultivation) it becomes "fay" i.e. the property of all Muslims in the same manner as that property becomes fay i. e. of all Muslims which is left behind on the demise of an heirless owner.

7.Moulana Abut Ala Maududi in' his Pamphlet \ft..j �....!!­ aft er quoting Ahadith on ..:.I_,.. IJ"J I come to the following conclusion : .iA>I JP ��j 6i_t.. £_ Li' r.J)�., -':!J.� S J ..-1 tS)aJ i.rl _, _,':' J "'� �I • .d l l..j Jfa '-�l.;i, J.) ceJ £.. i.rl L iJ--' •� S tSJti°' .)� T J•; I)" 1 •., �1> .)4T .,S-- �j .,.f'_,u $ �., ..,.) � ., ., .. �.! Y.- .S- "'ll �J ..Jl • tr LI'!" .,. JJ JIJ.i.. IS' � 14 \;3⁄4 JJI df'J ...SJJ .,> �..j u-> f � C.:,l!i I:! .,f" 'f!::tf" 1.li.l..l •' ,-.. � ".J ,_ •• .bit...� s- J1 .. oJ o• r d'"' �.,sr 1.J rt> J� _,. d"'

1981" BHAI KHAN V. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF PAKiSTAN F SC 143 (Justice Karimullah Durrani, Member) ..l.A.6o

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,,1 • � S "'' •J l:J .,S- • ..1.1j .,r �j e.)V" � L ...rsr � J.,f" ttE £1 di, L_,l <SJ!) J4T .Jl ,.,1, IJJ U � �J .J t:!..J""JJ

8.The above proposition finds support from the following passages from �I of 4:..l.u .;,1'J published at Riaz S. A.) Vol. V' pp. 562-63). .A .. � 01... '-Jc. � iJL. : l..•J..I uW c,l_,JI �I : ci.4':"J ")4 Q)JWI u::, i.Jj... .P.f lc .. ',H, � ll,-i •Jl..c.JI "':' � _,1 ""' • '-1 cJIJ t:.:.. t. t:.:.. I• l:UJ �I J� "ii, le•

Translated into English it would read as follows :- Mawat land, inter alia, is of two kinds. First is that which is not in the ownership of any person and it does not contain sign of any construc­ tion thereon: Such land become property of the cultivator who brings it under the plough. The Ahadith narrated by us relate to this propositio11,_.

The second is ................................."

and that ..:.S:l .. �r �� ':/11 �j �u l,_(JL. i_j .J":! cfJ ':/1 ,l. i:,1 : W," "· 4:Ja�.J I � I.,!,, which means :

To us, these are the lands which are owned by known owners, so these will not come in the ownership of another person who put them to life like the lands which a person owns by purchase or through a gift. Admittedly, the lands which are subject-matter of these tw') petitions are owned by the State. Those would, therefore, not fall within the definition of of_,.. I.J"J I 9. An Islamic State is capable of owning land and is entitled 10 manag the same directly or to �llot it to a citizen or a class of citizens for cultivation either oil payment of c_l.,-. or ,� (JI_,.. ':ii \yli>' by r'}.... 01 ,-liJI � .,i I rL.I�B Even a free grant of land by the State to an individual is liable to be resume

144 F SC ALL PAKISTAN LEGAL DECISIONS VOL. XXXJU

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"· O!.:, l!J� t>' J.i S �_,r:. JJI ,>.!f,• .,4T JJI '-"JJ.i• "�.._; rlt S IO. From the above discussion, it is clear that none of the traditions of the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon Him) relied upon by the petitioners is relevant to the matter in hand as the land in question can b y no stretch of imagination be called •ol_,.. ifJI'.

1 I. The State which is owner of these lands is, therefore, fully competent to grant its lease to the citizens for the purpose of cultivation for a specified or unspecified period. Similarly, it would be entitled to resume or re-enter the demised land on the termination of the period of lease or in the event of the violation of any term thereof on the part of the lessees. Moreover, C the impugned Act, as is apparent from its title and preamble, governs land vesting in the State. Both the petitions are, therefore, found without substance and are, consequently, dismissed. The petitionen may be informed of this order.

Petition dis'misred.